Polyimide, iyo-inotenderedza muzvigadzirwa zvepolymer, yamutsa kufarira kwemasangano mazhinji ekutsvagisa muChina, uye mamwe mabhizinesi atangawo kugadzira - yedu pachedu polyimide zvinhu.
I. Muchidimbu
Seyakakosha engineering zvinhu, polyimide yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mundege, aerospace, microelectronics, nanometer, liquid crystal, separation membrane, laser uye mamwe minda.Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nyika dziri kunyora tsvagiridzo, kusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwepolyimideseimwe yeanonyanya kuvimbisa mainjiniya epurasitiki muzana ramakore re21.Polyimide, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakatanhamara mukuita uye synthesis, ingave ichishandiswa sechinhu chechimiro kana sechinhu chinoshanda, tarisiro yayo yakakura yekushandiswa yakazivikanwa zvizere, uye inozivikanwa se "nyanzvi yekugadzirisa matambudziko" ( protion solver. ), uye anotenda kuti "pasina polyimide, pangadai pasina microelectronics teknolojia nhasi".
Chechipiri, kushanda kwe polyimide
1. Maererano nekuongorora kwe thermogravimetric ye polyimide inonhuhwirira, tembiricha yekuora kwayo inowanzotenderedza 500°C.Polyimide yakagadzirwa kubva kubiphenyl dianhydride uye p-phenylenediamine ine tembiricha yekuwora inosvika 600°C uye ndeimwe yemapolima akanyanya kugadzikana kusvika pari zvino.
2. Polyimide inogona kumira zvakanyanya kuderera kwekushisa, zvakadai semumvura helium pa -269 ° C, haizove brittle.
3. Polyimideine yakanakisa mechanic properties.Kusimba kwemapurasitiki asina kuzadzwa ari pamusoro pe100Mpa, iyo firimu (Kapton) yehomophenylene polyimide iri pamusoro pe170Mpa, uye biphenyl type polyimide (UpilexS) inosvika 400Mpa.Sepurasitiki yeinjiniya, huwandu hwefirimu elastic kazhinji 3-4Gpa, uye fiber inogona kusvika 200Gpa.Zvinoenderana nekuverenga kwemaoretical, iyo fiber yakagadzirwa nephthalic anhydride uye p-phenylenediamine inogona kusvika 500Gpa, yechipiri chete kune kabhoni fiber.
4. Dzimwe mhando dze polyimide hadzina kunyungudika mu organic solvents uye dzakagadzikana kuti dilute acids.General marudzi haamiri kune hydrolysis.Uku kunoratidzika kunge kushomeka kunoita kuti polyimide isiyane kubva kune mamwe mapolymer anoshanda zvakanyanya.Chimiro ndechekuti iyo mbishi dianhydride uye diamine inogona kudzoserwa nealkaline hydrolysis.Somuenzaniso, nokuda kwefirimu yeKapton, chiyero chekudzorera chinogona kusvika 80% -90%.Kuchinja chimiro kunogonawo kuwana akanyanya hydrolysis-resistant mhando, senge inomira 120 ° C, 500 maawa ekuvira.
5. Thermal yekuwedzera coefficient ye polyimide ndeye 2 × 10-5－3 × 10-5 ℃, Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide iri 3 × 10-5 ℃, biphenyl mhando inogona kusvika 10-6 ℃, imwe neimwe mhando inogona kusvika gumi- 7°C.
6. Polyimide ine kukwirira kwemwaranzi inopikisa, uye firimu rayo rine simba rekuchengetedza chiyero che90% mushure me5 × 109rad inokurumidza electron irradiation.
7. Polyimideine yakanaka dielectric zvivakwa, ine dielectric inongogara inosvika 3.4.Nekuunza fluorine kana kuparadzira mhepo nanometers mu polyimide, iyo dielectric inogara inogona kudzikiswa kusvika pa2.5.Dielectric kurasikirwa i10-3, dielectric simba i100-300KV/mm, Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide iri 300KV/mm, vhoriyamu kuramba i1017Ω/cm.Izvi zvivakwa zvinoramba zviri padanho repamusoro pane yakakura tembiricha siyana uye frequency renji.
8. Polyimide i polymer inodzima-inodzima ine hutsi hushoma.
9. Polyimide ine kuburitsa kushoma kwemhepo pasi pevacuum yakakwira zvakanyanya.
10. Polyimide haina chepfu, inogona kushandiswa kugadzira tableware nemidziyo yekurapa, uye inogona kumira nezviuru zvekuuraya utachiona.Mamwe ma polyimides anewo yakanaka biocompatibility, semuenzaniso, iwo asiri-hemolytic muyedzo yekuenderana neropa uye isiri-chepfu mu in vitro cytotoxicity bvunzo.
3. Nzira dzakawanda dzekubatanidza:
Kune akawanda marudzi uye mafomu epolyimide, uye kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuigadzira, saka inogona kusarudzwa zvinoenderana neyakasiyana mashandisiro ekushandisa.Idzi rudzi rwekuchinjika mu synthesis zvakare yakaoma kune mamwe mapolymers kuti ave nawo.
1. Polyimideinonyanya kugadzirwa kubva dibasic anhydrides uye diamines.Aya maviri monomers akasanganiswa nemamwe akawanda heterocyclic polymers, akadai sepolybenzimidazole, polybenzimidazole, polybenzothiazole, polyquinone Zvichienzaniswa nemamonomes akadai se phenoline uye polyquinoline, kunobva zvinhu zvakakura, uye synthesis zvakare iri nyore.Kune akawanda marudzi e dianhydrides uye diamines, uye ma polyimides ane akasiyana zvivakwa anogona kuwanikwa nemusanganiswa wakasiyana.
2. Polyimide inogona kuve polycondensed pakupisa kwakadzika ne dianhydride uye diamine mune polar solvent, seDMF, DMAC, NMP kana THE/methanol yakasanganiswa solvent, kuwana soluble polyamic acid, mushure mekugadzirwa kwefirimu kana kutenderera Kupisa kusvika ku300 ° C kwe. kupera simba uye cyclization mu polyimide;acetic anhydride uye tertiary amine catalysts inogonawo kuwedzerwa kune polyamic acid yemakemikari kupera mvura uye cyclization kuwana polyimide mhinduro uye hupfu.Diamine uye dianhydride inogonawo kupiswa uye polycondensed munzvimbo yakakwirira yekubikira inonyungudutsa, senge phenolic solvent, kuwana polyimide mune imwe nhanho.Mukuwedzera, polyimide inogonawo kuwanikwa kubva pakuita kwe dibasic acid ester uye diamine;inogona zvakare kushandurwa kubva ku polyamic acid kuenda ku polyisoimide kutanga, uyezve ku polyimide.Idzi nzira dzese dzinounza nyore kugadzirisa.Iyo yekare inonzi PMR nzira, iyo inogona kuwana yakaderera viscosity, yakakwirira yakasimba mhinduro, uye ine hwindo rine yakaderera melt viscosity panguva yekugadzirisa, iyo inonyanya kukodzera kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa;iyo yekupedzisira inowedzera Kuti uvandudze solubility, hapana pasi-molecular compounds inosunungurwa panguva yekushandura.
3. Chero bedzi kuchena kwe dianhydride (kana tetraacid) uye diamine inokodzera, pasinei nokuti nzira ipi yepolycondensation inoshandiswa, zviri nyore kuwana zvakakwana zvakakwana masheji ekuremera, uye chiyero che molecular chinogona kugadziriswa nyore nyore nekuwedzera unit anhydride kana unit amine.
4. Polycondensation ye dianhydride (kana tetraacid) uye diamine, chero bedzi iyo molar ratio inosvika kuenzana, kurapwa kwekupisa muvhavha kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kurema kwema molecular of the solid low molecular weight prepolymer, nokudaro kuvandudza kugadzirisa uye kuumba upfu.Huya zviri nyore.
5. Zviri nyore kuunza mapoka anogadzirisa pamagumo eketani kana ketani kuti aite oligomers anoshanda, nokudaro kuwana thermosetting polyimide.
6. Shandisa boka re carboxyl mu polyimide kuita esterification kana kuumbwa kwemunyu, uye kuunza photosensitive mapoka kana marefu-chain alkyl mapoka kuti awane amphiphilic polymers, iyo inogona kushandiswa kuwana photoresists kana kushandiswa mukugadzirira kweLB mafirimu.
7. Iyo yakawanda nzira yekugadzira polyimide haibudisi inorganic salts, iyo inonyanya kubatsira pakugadzirira kwekudzivirira zvinhu.
8. Iyo dianhydride uye diamine semamonomers zviri nyore kudzikisa pasi pasi pevharumu yakakwirira, saka zviri nyore kugadzira.polyimidefirimu pazvishandiso, kunyanya zvishandiso zvine nzvimbo dzisina kuenzana, nemhute deposition.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-06-2023